Java Programming for Selenium

Java has three important editions

• Java Standard Edition/Core Java (J2SE)
• Java Enterprise Edition/Advanced Java(J2EE)
• Java Micro Edition (J2ME)

Note: Java Standard Edition or Core Java is enough for automation testing with Selenium

Java Program Structure

Documentation Section: It includes comments to tell the program’s purpose. It improves the readability of the programs.

Package Statement: It includes that provides a package declaration.

Import Statement: Built-in feature, Import libraries, External features…we import pre defined and user defined libraries using “import” keyword.
e.g. import java.io.console;
Here java= project, io= package, console= class

Interface Section: It includes method’s declaration.

Class Definition(Mandatory): e.g. public class Sample { }

Main Method: java program execution starts from main method, i.e.
public static void main (Strings args []) { }
Here public= Access modifier, static= non access modifier, void= return nothing,
main= Method name, (Strings args[])= The main() method also accepts some data from the user. It accepts a group of strings, which is called a string array. It is used to hold the command line arguments in the form of string values. (Note: if the main() method is written without String args[]? The program will compile, but not run, because JVM will not recognize the main() method. Remember JVM always looks for the main() method with a string type array as a parameter. )

Declaration Statement: We declare variables and constants. e.g.
int a;
a= 100;
final int b=100; (Constant)

Normal Statements: c= a+b;

Code Blocks: Condition, loops, method etc..

Object creation statements: We can create object at beginning of the program or anywhere in the program based on our requirement. We have to create object/instance of the class withing main method but we can create object’s outside of the main method also.

Java Sample Program

//It is a sample program to understand java program structure and syntax

package BasicProgram;
public class SampleProgram {

//Create a method with arguments and return a value(Non static method)
public int add (int a, int b) {
    int result; //variable declaration
    result = a+b; //Initialization
    return result;
}

//Create a method without arguments and returns nothing (Non static method)
public void comparison() {
    int x=100, y=150; //Declaring multiple variables
    if (x>y) {
        System.out.println("X is big number");
    }
    else {
        System.out.println("Y is big number");
    }
}

//Create a method with program with arguments and return a value (static method)
public static int sub (int a, int b) {
    int result = a-b; //Variable declaration with initialization 
    return result; // Here we can call result variable again because it locally declare within method
}

//Create a method without arguments and returns nothing (static method)
public static void comparison2() {
    int a=150, b=100;
    if (a>b) {
        System.out.println("A is big number");
    }
    else {
        System.out.println("B is big number");
    }
}

//Create a main method to execute above methods
public static void main(String[] args) {

//Create object to call non static methods
SampleProgram obj = new SampleProgram();

int res = obj.add(10, 20);
System.out.println(res);

obj.comparision();

//Call static methods
res = SampleProgram.sub(10, 5);
System.out.println(res);

SampleProgram.comparision2();

   }
}

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